There is no specific antivenom for the treatment of envenoming by the small-eyed snake, Micropechis ikaheka, a dangerous fossorial species endemic to Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya (West Papua) and neighbouring islands. This ...

Horse IgG isotypes and cross-neutralization of two snake antivenoms produced in Brazil and Costa Rica. Toxicon 000–000. This work compared the specificity, ELISA titers and IgG subclass content of the polyvalent antivenom ...

Background: A long term research goal of venomics, of applied importance for improving current antivenom therapy, but also for drug discovery, is to understand the pharmacological potential of venoms. Individually ...

Two subtypes of phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) with the ability to induce myonecrosis, ‘Asp49’ and ‘Lys49’ myotoxins, often coexist in viperid snake venoms. Since the latter lack catalytic activity, two different mechanisms are ...

Envenoming resulting from snake bites is an important public health hazard in many regions, particularly in tropical and subtropical countries [1–3]. Although antivenoms are being produced by various laboratories in every ...

Liquid formulations of antivenom require a cold chain for their distribution and storage, especially in tropical countries characterized by high temperature and humidity (climatic zone IV). Since cold chain is often deficient ...

The action of Bothrops asper myotoxin III, a basic phospholipase A2 which induces acute muscle damage, was studied in mouse gastrocnemius muscle in vivo and in vitro and in multilamellar liposomes. Myonecrosis occurred ...

Local tissue damage induced by crotaline snake venoms includes edema, myonecrosis, hemorrhage, and an inflammatory response associated with a prominent cellular infiltrate. The role of neutrophils in the local tissue damage ...

Venoms from 11 taxa of Micrurus (coral snakes) from Brazil and Colombia were tested for myotoxic activity in mice. All venoms, except that of M. surinamensis, induced myotoxicity as judged by the increase in plasma creatine ...

There is a need to introduce innovations in the manufacture of snake antivenoms to increase the supply of these products worldwide. In this work, the fractionation of equine hyperimmune plasma with a new methodology that ...