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Snake Venomics of African Spitting Cobras: Toxin Composition and Assessment of Congeneric Cross-Reactivity of the Pan-African EchiTAb-Plus-ICP Antivenom by Antivenomics and Neutralization Approaches

artículo científico
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308_2011_J.Prot.Res._Petras_Naja_antivenomics.pdf (3.228Mb)
Date
2011
Author
Petras, Daniel
Sanz, Libia
Segura Ruiz, Álvaro
Herrera Vega, María
Villalta Arrieta, Mauren
Solano Centeno, Daniela
Vargas Arroyo, Mariángela
León Montero, Guillermo
Warrell, David A.
Theakston, R. David G.
Harrison, Robert A.
Durfa, Nandul
Nasidi, Abdulsalami
Gutiérrez, José María
Calvete Chornet, Juan José
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Abstract
Venomic analysis of the venoms of Naja nigricollis, N. katiensis, N. nubiae, N. mossambica, and N. pallida revealed similar compositional trends. The high content of cytotoxins and PLA2s may account for the extensive tissue necrosis characteristic of the envenomings by these species. The high abundance of a type I α-neurotoxin in N. nubiae may be responsible for the high lethal toxicity of this venom (in rodents). The ability of EchiTAb-Plus-ICP antivenom to immunodeplete and neutralize the venoms of African spitting cobras was assessed by antivenomics and neutralization tests. It partially immunodepleted 3FTx and PLA2s and completely immunodepleted SVMPs and CRISPs in all venoms. The antivenom neutralized the dermonecrotic and PLA2 activities of all African Naja venoms, whereas lethality was eliminated in the venoms of N. nigricollis, N. mossambica, and N. pallida but not in those of N. nubiae and N. katiensis. The lack of neutralization of lethality of N. nubiae venom may be of medical relevance only in relatively populous areas of the Saharan region. The impaired activity of EchiTAb-Plus-ICP against N. katiensis may not represent a major concern. This species is sympatric with N. nigricollis in many regions of Africa, although very few bites have been attributed to it.
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10669/29437
External link to the item
10.1021/pr101040f
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/pr101040f
Embargo por política editorial 2081-01-01
 
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