On the standard form of the Bloch equation

Abstract

The requirement is often made in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics that a transport equation should be derived as that which governs the subdynamics relative to a (small) part of a (large) conservative dynamical system close to equilibrium. We show that such a requirement on the Markovian relaxation of a 1/2-spin imposes that this process be described by a Bloch equation of a very specific form, which we call standard. We show that this reduced dynamics is quasi-free if, and only if, the relaxation time is maximally anisotropic.