Coffee, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

ontext The association between coffee intake and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Coffee is a major source of caffeine, which is metabolized by the polymorphic cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme. Individuals who are homozygous for the CYP1A21A allele are “rapid” caffeine metabolizers, whereas carriers of the variant CYP1A21F are “slow” caffeine metabolizers. Objective To determine whether CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and risk of acute nonfatal MI. Design, Setting, and Participants Cases (n = 2014) with a first acute nonfatal MI and population-based controls (n = 2014) living in Costa Rica between 1994 and 2004, matched for age, sex, and area of residence, were genotyped by restriction fragment–length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the intake of caffeinated coffee.